Harnessing Dialogue as a Social Technology for Systems Change in Development Institutions

Authors

  • Sophia Robele United Nations Development Programme

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47061/jasc.v4i1.7068

Keywords:

systems change, dialogue, global development, systems leadership, relational systems change

Abstract

Across global development discourse and practice can be seen a growing a recognition that deep transformation of social, economic and ecological systems cannot be achieved through new policies, data or technology alone. The capabilities needed for 21st century leadership and governance relate to the ability to create new conditions, relationships and pathways for social and moral imagination to flourish. Drawing from an in-depth case study of several interlinked initiatives of the United Nations Development Programme to build such capabilities among development practitioners, this conceptual paper elaborates the continued need for, and pathways and barriers to institutionalizing, more dialogic- and process-based approaches to systems transformation in mainstream development processes. It posits that a reconceptualization of dialogue within multilateral and government-led systems transformation frameworks in particular can help valorize the seeds of development impact that reside in the sites where culture, relationships and shared consciousness are built. Further learning is needed, however, to understand and address barriers that lie in normative perceptions, organizational culture, and accountability frameworks of these institutions, which impede the rhetorical interest in inclusive and transformative dialogue from translating to more process- and relationship-centric ways of working. As a contribution to this learning, the paper considers how conceptual frames that give weight and visibility to the role of social containers in systems change processes, with dialogue as a core technology for container-building, canhelp advance more transformative development paradigms and praxis that tend to the reciprocal relationships between inner change and societal change.

References

Adyanga, F. A. (2014). African Indigenous science in higher education in Uganda [Doctoral Dissertation, University of Toronto]. TSpace. https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/68139/1/AKENA_Francis_A_201406_PhD_thesis.pdf

Annala, M., Gronchi, I., Leppänen, J., Metsola, S. & Sabel, C. F. (2021). A call For humble governments: How to overcome political gridlock in liberal democracies. Demos Helsinki. https://demoshelsinki.fi/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Humble-Government_Sept2021-.pdf

Bahá’í International Community (BIC). (1995, March 3). The prosperity of humankind. Bahá’í International Community. https://www.bic.org/statements/prosperity-humankind

Bar-Yam, Y. (2011). Concepts: Emergence. New England Complex Systems Institute. https://necsi.edu/emergence

Bateson, N. (2018). Warm data. The International Bateson Institute. https://batesoninstitute.org/warm-data/

Bentz, J., O’Brien, K., & Scoville-Simonds, M. (2022). Beyond “blah blah blah”: Exploring the “how” of transformation. Sustainability Science, 17(2), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-022-01123-0

Bijl-Brouwer, M. van der, & Malcolm, B. (2020). Systemic design principles in social innovation: A study of expert practices and design rationales. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation 6(3), 386–407. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2020.06.001

Boggs, G. L., & Kurashige, S. (2012). The next American revolution: Sustainable activism for the twenty-first Century. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520953390

Bohm, D. & Weinberg, R. (2004). On dialogue (L. Nichol, Ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203947555

brown, adrienne maree. (2017). Emergent strategy: Shaping change, changing worlds. AK Press.

Brown, M. L. (2022). UNDP RBAP foresight brief: Indigenous futures. UNDP. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2022-08/UNDP-RBAP-INDIGENOUS-FUTURES-2022.pdf

Dark Matter Laboratories. (2022, April 26). DM Note #8: On art and imagination infrastructure. Medium. https://provocations.darkmatterlabs.org/dm-note-8-on-art-and-imagination-infrastructure-8b3cee1d32c6

Dell, K. (2021). Rongomātau — ‘sensing the knowing’: An indigenous methodology utilising sensed knowledge from the researcher. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069211062411

Design Justice Network. (2018). Design justice network principles. https://designjustice.org/read-the-principles

Dhar, V., & Aurora, T. (2022). Reimagining development: Inclusive Imaginaries. UNDP RBAP Strategic Foresight Network with Poppy Seed Lab. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2022-10/UNDP-RBAP-INCLUSIVE-IMAGINARIES-REPORT-2022_0.pdf

Dreier, L., Nabarro, D., & Nelson, J. (2019). Systems leadership for sustainable development: Strategies for achieving systemic change. Harvard Kennedy School. https://www.hks.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/centers/mrcbg/files/Systems%20Leadership.pdf

Earl, S., Carden, F., & Smutylo, T. (2001). Outcome mapping: Building learning and reflection into development programs. International Development Research Centre. https://idrc-crdi.ca/en/book/outcome-mapping-building-learning-and-reflection-development-programs

Eisler, R. (2015). A conversation with Peter Senge: Transforming organizational cultures. Interdisciplinary Journal of Partnership Studies, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.24926/ijps.v2i1.98

Gay, R. (2023). Inciting joy: Essays. Coronet Books.

Giroux, H. A. (2021). The public imagination and the dictatorship of ignorance. Social Identities, 27(6), 698–717. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089

Gray, B. (1989). Collaborating: Finding common ground for multiparty problems. Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Hemmati, M. (2002). Multi-stakeholder processes for governance and sustainability. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849772037

Hentsch, R. (n.d.). SDG Leadership labs: Supporting UN country teams to achieve agenda 2030. UNSDG. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2023-05/SDG%20Leadership%20Labs.pdf

Imagination Infrastructures. (n.d.). Imagination infrastructure is. Imagination Infrastructures. Retrieved April 24, 2024, from https://www.imaginationinfrastructuring.com/

International Science Council (2020). Conversations on rethinking human development. International Science Council. https://council.science/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Conversations-on-Rethinking-Human-Development.pdf

Institute for Studies in Global Prosperity. (2008). Science, religion and development: Some initial considerations. https://www.globalprosperity.org/media/documents/ISGP_Science_Religion_and_Development_Some_Initial_Considerations.pdf

Isaacs, W. (1993). Taking flight: Dialogue, collective thinking, organizational learning. Organizational Dynamics, 22(2), 24–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(93)90051-2

Isaacs, W. (1996). The process and potential of dialogue in social change. Educational Technology, 36(1), 20–30. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44428974

Isaacs, W. (1999). Dialogic leadership. The Systems Thinker, 10(1), 1–5.

Jasanoff, S. (2007). Technologies of humility. Nature, 450(33). https://doi.org/10.1038/450033a

Johar, I., & Begovic, M. (2020). A way forward: Government in an age of emergence. UNDP. https://awayforward.undp.org

Kaba, M. (2021). We do this ’til we free us: Abolitionist organizing and transforming justice (T. K. Nopper, Ed.). Haymarket Books.

Kahane, A. (2007, April 12). Between an ostrich and a flamingo. Mail & Guardian. https://mg.co.za/article/2007-04-12-between-an-ostrich-and-a-flamingo/

Karlberg, M. R. (2020). Constructing social reality: An inquiry into the normative foundations of Social Change. Association for Bahá’í Studies.

Koenig, O., Pomeroy, E., Seneque, M., & Scharmer, O. (2023). Entanglements: Working with the invisible dimensions of systems transformation. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 3(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.47061/jasc.v3i2.7001

Liberating Structures (n.d.). Including and unleashing everyone. Retrieved March 15, 2024 from https://www.liberatingstructures.com

Meadows, D. (1999). Leverage points: Places to intervene in a system. The Sustainability Institute.

Milojević, I., & Inayatullah, S. (2015). Narrative foresight. Futures, 73, 151–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2015.08.007

Mulgan, G., & Demos Helsinki. (2020). The imaginary crisis (And how we might quicken social and public imagination) [Working paper]. UCL. https://demoshelsinki.fi/julkaisut/the-imaginary-crisis-and-how-we-might-quicken-social-and-public-imagination/

National Coalition on Dialogue and Deliberation (NCDD) (2024). About. Retrieved March 15, 2024 from https://www.ncdd.org

Nichol, L. (1995). Foreword. In D. Bohm & R. Weinberg, On dialogue (pp. vii-xvii). Routledge.

Ogden, C. (2015, January 29). Facilitative leadership for net impact. Interaction Institute for Social Change. https://interactioninstitute.org/facilitative-leadership-for-net-impact/

Oldham, O. (2021, April 30). Imagination infrastructure - what do we mean? Medium. https://oliviaoldham.medium.com/imagination-infrastructure-abd96262fff6

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2020). Innovative citizen participation and new democratic institutions: Catching the deliberative wave. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://doi.org/10.1787/339306da-en

Pomeroy, E., & Herrmann, L. (2023). Social fields: Knowing the water we swim in. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 002188632311749. https://doi.org/10.1177/00218863231174957

Pruitt, B., & Thomas, P. (2007). Democratic dialogue—A handbook for practitioners. GS/OAS, International IDEA, & UNDP.

Pruitt, B. & Waddell, S. (2005). Dialogic approaches to global challenges: Moving from ‘dialogue fatigue’ to dialogic change processes [Working paper]. Generative Dialogue Project.

Rye, S. (2023, March 9). On relational infrastructure. Fieldnotes by Sam Rye | Social & Environmental Regeneration. https://www.samrye.xyz/on-relational-infrastructure/

Scharmer, O. (2009). Theory U: Leading from the future as it emerges. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Senge, M. (2004). Preface to the Routledge Classics Edition. In D. Bohm & R. Weinberg, On dialogue (pp. vii–xiv). Routledge.

Sengupta, A. (2022, October 20). Reimagining development in Asia and the Pacific: Why, what and how [Webinar]. UNDP RBAP Strategic Foresight Network. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpQzbE4EfYc

Tippett, K., & Lederach, J. P. (2022, October 27). Taking a long view of time, and becoming “critical yeast.” OnBeing. https://onbeing.org/programs/taking-a-long-view-of-time-and-becoming-critical-yeast/

UNDP. (2022). System change: A guidebook for adopting portfolio approaches. UNDP. https://www.undp.org/publications/system-change-guidebook-adopting-portfolio-approaches#:~:text=This%20guidebook%20presents%20an%20approach,approach%20in%20complex%20development%20spaces

UNDP (2023). Human development report 2021–22: Uncertain times, unsettled lives: Shaping our future in a transforming world. UNDP. https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2021-22

Waddell, S. (2005). Societal learning and change: How governments, business and civil society are creating solutions to complex multi-stakeholder problems. Greenleaf Publishing.

Wamsler, C., Osberg, G., Osika, W., Herndersson, H., & Mundaca, L. (2021). Linking internal and external transformation for sustainability and climate action: Towards a new research and policy agenda. Global Environmental Change, 71, 102373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102373

Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning and identity. Cambridge University Press.

Wheatley, M. (2006). Leadership and the new science. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Wheatley, M. J., & Frieze, D. (2006). Using Emergence to Take Social Innovations to Scale. Margaret J. Wheatley. https://www.margaretwheatley.com/articles/emergence.html

World Bank (n.d). Future of government: A call to action. World Bank. Retrieved April 5, 2024 from https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/futureofgovernment/a-call-to-action

Published

2024-05-31

How to Cite

Robele, S. (2024). Harnessing Dialogue as a Social Technology for Systems Change in Development Institutions. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 4(1), 155–179. https://doi.org/10.47061/jasc.v4i1.7068

Issue

Section

Original Articles (Peer-Reviewed)